БРОНХИАЛЬНАЯ АСТМА – BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

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A heart murmur is a noise heard in addition to the normal heartbeats.

Cause

The commonest cause of a murmur in children is an ‘innocent murmur’, which is the result of turbulence or vibration when the blood flows through the heart valves. This can occur, for example, when the child has a fever. The child’s heart is normal, and the murmur usually disappears with time.

Other heart murmurs can signify heart disease, which can either be present from birth (congenital) or acquired later in life. These murmurs are usually caused by aberrant blood flow through a hole in the wall between the heart chambers, or through faulty valves.

Clinical features

A child who has an innocent murmur will have absolutely no symptoms of heart disease. The child is perfectly normal. A child who has a significant murmur, will usually have characteristic symptoms related to heart disease. These may include breathlessness and blueness of the lips and of the fingers and toes. With some congenital abnormalities of the heart, these symptoms may appear immediately or soon after birth.

Investigations

If there is any uncertainty about the significance of your child’s murmur, your doctor may order an ECG and a chest X-ray. Referral to a paediatric cardiologist may be advised, and an echocardiogram, which is an ultrasound of the heart, may be performed.

Treatment

A child with an innocent murmur does not require any treatment. On the other hand, a child with heart- disease invariably requires some form of treatment, which can range from medication to surgery, depending on the nature and severity of the disorder.

The management of heart problems in children is a highly specialised field of medicine. Your family doctor can provide you with further information at your request.

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“We were sitting in your waiting room and got to talking with this older couple who said they were in your super marital sex program. They said they were your oldest couple.” The young wife was reviewing the first visit to the clinic and her husband was nodding.

“They told us about the tests and the recommendations. They said something about a posture of the future. You know us. We thought that maybe that would get us pregnant, but they just wouldn’t tell us. They laughed and said we would have to find out for ourselves. When your secretary came to get them, they turned to us and the husband said, ‘We love it. You’ll find it. But first, try these juggling bags. Dr. Pearsall gave them to us. They work like magic’ ”

“Well,” she continued, “we persons in fertility will try anything. We would stand on our heads if it would work. We took those things home and laughed like crazy. We got so daffy at home that we got carried away. We had sex on the wrong night. We had never—I mean never—done that. Some weeks later, we got pregnant. When we came to your office to see you, we met the same people. I gave him the bags back and told him that they worked. He laughed and took his wife’s hand. “Do you think we should juggle tonight? Two seventy-year-olds might just juggle themselves more than they could handle.”

Removing the burden of fear, pressure, and misunderstanding that can accompany health problems is the first step to protecting your sexual rights. To review this issue, try the next opportunity.

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Starting at approximately three weeks of development in the uterus, if there is an X/broken-X (Y) chromosome pattern with one of the X chromosomes missing its lower right leg, a male will develop in relationship to the presence of testosterone. Overstating the case, we could say that the clitoris grows out to a penis, the ovaries become testicles and drop down into a sac created when the labia grow together. You have discovered the line where the scrotum grew together, the line called the penoscrotal raphe, the R area of sensitivity along the scrotom up the penis to the frenulum.

This theory of “male from female” is called “inductor” theory in that the male is induced by androgens and MIS, Mullerian Inhibiting Substance, which causes certain female formations to disappear in utero. Early female development is not dependent on hormones; it is autonomous. Mary Jane Sherfey proposed this idea in her book The Nature and Evolution of Female Sexuality. While not totally accurate and in many ways incomplete, the earlier Freudian notion of male superiority or “penis envy” is further from neurophysiological accuracy than inductor theory.

Of course, masculinity and femininity are not mutually exclusive developmental axes. You can be less feminine in terms of society’s criteria without being more masculine, and you can be more feminine without being less masculine. I had the husbands and wives point to areas on the following lines to show, how they felt about their own gender orientation and share these feelings with one another.

MALENESS    a little    very much    

FEMALENESS    a little    very much    

Throughout life, even throughout the day, people vary on both axes. It is a mistake to ascribe a natural superiority in sexual function to either gender’s sexual response.

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Let go of fear. There is nothing in this world worth fearing about. This is not simply my belief. I know. To fear is one of the worst things you can do to your mind. All logical reasoning, not to mention the connection to your higher mind is completely blocked. People know about it, and some of them use fear techniques to take advantage of others. Look around. The field of medicine prospers by promoting the fear of disease. If they succeed, you fear disease, even if you don’t have any, and this feeling actually replaces the feeling of well being! Instead of enjoying your perfect health and being happy, you worry! Fear blocks your thinking, and in this state you are easy to control by others, who know it and want to take advantage of it. The technique of fear is frequently used by government and religious leaders as a tool to control people. Let go of fear. It blocks your mind. Never use the technique of fear to control children. Use explanation, examples and reasoning instead.

Eliminate feelings of anger, hate and anxiety. – they also block your mind at all levels, preventing the natural state of well being and spiritual development.

Forgive everyone and everything. Hate and resentment also clog your mind. By nourishing hatred and resentment you cannot gain anything except the same things from others. On the other hand, forgiveness and tolerance could give you a key to gaining respect and love.

Do not think of harming anyone or anything. Think of others the way you would like others to think about you.

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But it can cause deformity, disfigurement, paralysis and misery. A variety of drugs can control and cure the disease. Dapsone is widely used, and can eliminate the infectivity of an individual after a few months.

Treatment may need to be continued for many years.

Rifampicin, an antibiotic, also used to treat ÒÂ, has recently been shown to be effective in curing the disease and may render the person non-infective in a matter of weeks.

Those with the tuberculoid form of the disease do not need isolation.

And those with the lepromatous form can return to their community once the drugs have rendered them non-infectious.

A new vaccine has been developed in Britain and proved successful in the laboratory.

Field trials will soon take place, but it may take 10 years of use before accurate knowledge of its effectiveness is available.

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There are few pleasures left in life which have not at some time or another been accused of being dangerous for our health.

Cancer of the bowel is one of the most common forms of cancer in both men and women.

Most cancers of the bowel occur in the rectum or in the lowest portion of the large bowel just above the rectum.

It appears that these cancers are increasing.

As more people are surviving the infections of childhood and early life they are living to an age at which cancer has always been common.

What we eat also appears to be a significant cause of this disorder.

Research, so far, has concentrated on four items of our diet — meat, fat, fibre and alcohol.

There are several studies that show that a high meat diet is one of the causes of the increase in bowel cancer.

Yet, some other studies seem to conflict with this. How a high meat diet can cause cancer, if it does, is as yet unknown.

In the same way, the case against a high amount of fat in the diet as a cause of cancer is equivocal.

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Signs and symptoms

The toe becomes red, painful, and tender to the touch. The wound produces a thin, watery pus that works its way under the nail. The tenderness, redness, pain, and swelling gradually get worse, eventually involving one entire side of a toenail. Often the nail becomes partly covered by raw, red tissue and a wet crust.

Home care

If you catch it early, you can treat an ingrown toenail successfully by gently cutting out the spur or the ingrown corner of the nail, and then frequently soaking the toe in warm water for long periods. Even if the toe is so tender to the touch that you cannot remove the embedded nail, prolonged soaking in a strong Epsom salts solution (one cup to one liter of water) may cure the condition. Cover the lower foot and toe with a bandage or cloth and soak both foot and bandage thoroughly in the solution. Then cover the dripping foot with plastic wrap or encase the foot in a plastic bag. In this manner the nail can soak for hours with little effort on your part. Because of the delicacy of the nails involved, the ingrown toenail of an infant can often be cured by wiping the area several times a day with rubbing alcohol, and then soaking the toe in clear warm water.

Precautions

•     If your child repeatedly develops ingrown toenails check his or her shoes; they may be too small or too pointed.

•     Teach your child to trim the toenails straight across without leaving sharp spurs that may cause problems.

•     An infection near the nail that lasts for more than a few days is probably an ingrown nail.

Medical treatment

If an ingrown toenail doesn’t clear up with home treatment, your doctor can remove the embedded piece of nail. If the toe is very painful, the doctor may apply a local anesthetic before removing the ingrown area of the nail. If ingrown toenails occur frequently your doctor may suggest minor surgery to narrow the nail and make in-growing less likely.

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What is it?

The accumulation of tissue fluid in the body. It is most noticeable in the fingers (rings become tight), around the eyes (eyelids look and feel puffy), and in the abdomen (belts become tight). It is a condition that affects millions of women, often around their period times.

About 60 per cent of the body’s weight is water, which is distributed in the various fluids inside and outside the cells. The average person takes in about 2-3 quarts of fluid a day and the body’s balancing mechanisms ensure that the loss through urine, sweat and on the breath keep the total body water steady. A healthy person can handle at least 8 quarts of fluid a day without retaining any but people with heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease and certain hormonal problems retain fluid abnormally. Water is retained in places that offer least resistance, particularly around the eyes or where gravity exerts its main influence (such as around the feet and ankles). If, when you poke your fingertip into a swollen ankle it leaves a depression, you have about 8-9 lb of water too much in your body overall.

Immediately before a period many women, because of their hormonal changes, retain water-sometimes putting on up to a stone in weight. This produces swollen, tender breasts, pelvic pain, headaches, stomach swelling, nervousness, irritability, a feeling of mental dullness, insomnia and poor concentration. Even the eyeballs can swell and make the wearing of contact lenses impossible. During pregnancy ankle swelling is also common.

What causes it?

• Hormone changes in the premenstrual phase of a woman’s cycle.

• Long periods of standing and walking can cause foot and ankle swelling.

• Pregnancy causes ankle swelling as a result of the pressure of the heavy uterus on the pelvic veins, which reduces their ability to collect fluid from the legs.

• Heart disease (especially heart failure, in which the reduced pumping efficiency of the heart means a smaller blood flow to the kidneys to produce urine).

• Steroid hormones (which cause salt to be retained by the body along with water to dissolve it in). This includes the contraceptive Pill, of course.

• Kidney diseases in which the capability of the kidney to put out normal amounts of urine is impaired.

• Certain allergies cause local fluid retention. This is especially seen in urticaria (hives). The swelling may be generalized, or may affect only the hands, feet and face.

• Too much sodium in the diet. Water always goes hand in hand with sodium so if you eat too much sodium (salt) you will automatically retain too much water.

• Stress and emotional conditions can cause (in men as well as women) too high a production of anti-diuretic hormone which causes the retention of water.

• Very hot weather, especially if humid too, can make some people retain water.

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The three main classes of drug used are nitrates, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists:

Nitrates

The main effect of nitrates is on the large veins, causing blood to pool in them. Less blood returns to the heart at one time so the pressure created inside the heart as it fills is less. This reduces wall tension in the heart, lowering the “preload.” The muscle does less work and therefore needs less oxygen.

Nitrates also open up the smaller arteries in the periphery of the body, the arms and legs for instance; the heart muscles can pump blood more easily through wider bore vessels. By decreasing the “afterload,” the heart muscle again does less work and needs less oxygen.

By dilating collateral channels, nitrates appear to distribute the blood that enters the coronary circulation to areas that may have been deprived during angina attacks. In all three ways, these medicines help return the supply-demand equation normal.

Nitrates can be fast-acting or long-acting. Fast-acting ones such as sublingual nitroglycerine are used to stop angina attacks once they have begun. As soon as the attack begins, stop what you’re doing, sit down, place one fresh tablet under your tongue, and allow it to dissolve unswallowed. If the pain is not relieved in three to five minutes, repeat the medicine. The strength of the tablets and the number used before seeking medical help is determined by your doctor. Your doctor might order the medicine in the form of a spray rather than a tablet.

If you are able to anticipate an angina attack because you know that a particular level of activity leads to pain, you may be able to premedicate yourself with a tablet or spray before you start and avoid an attack altogether. You can make such a plan with your doctor.

Long-acting nitrates are used to prevent attacks throughout the day. These include isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and sustained-release nitroglycerine preparations in the form of an ointment or a transdermal patch. These avoid the side effects of headache, dizziness, or nausea that you might encounter with short-acting nitrates, but they also can lead to reduction of the beneficial effects as well. A period of eight to ten hours a day without these medicines is necessary to maintain their effectiveness. Remember that if you begin to need more and more nitrates to control your angina, your condition may be getting worse and you need to consult your doctor.

You will probably want to change the location of ointment or patch each day to avoid skin irritation. The medicine works just as well on hairless skin of the arm, side, or abdomen as it does on the chest.

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If you don’t want to stop, and you have angina, then you may as well give this book away and put your affairs in order. If you continue to smoke, your chances of surviving for any length of time are reduced. No matter what else you do to protect your heart, it is being overwhelmed by your suicidal habit of smoking.

If you could invent something that in every way was guaranteed to give you angina and a heart attack, then smoking would be it. It reduces the oxygen levels in your blood, it narrows further your already narrowed coronary arteries, it poisons your heart muscle with carbon monoxide and your brain with nicotine, it makes your blood much more likely to clot, and it directly damages your most delicate blood vessels.

Yet I have known many patients who continue to smoke after a coronary bypass or a heart attack. I’m sure that they do not wish to kill themselves, but that is exactly what they are doing. It is so unfair to their families, and even to nonsmokers who are waiting for their own bypass operations, and who will benefit far more from the skill and devotion of their surgeons.

Smoking gives people a sallow, unhealthy look, and wrinkles. By the time they are forty, women smokers look ten years older than their nonsmoking counterparts. By the time they are sixty, many of them are already dead. Cancer of the lung and heart attacks, both of them directly due to smoking, cause far more early deaths in women than anything else.

Most smokers lit their first cigarette as teenagers, when they were far too immature to think about the long-term risk. If you are a non-smoker at twenty, it is odds on that you will remain so for the rest of your life. By this time, most people have learned sense!

If you have angina and still smoke, it is not too late to learn sense. To a doctor like myself, who has had to comfort so many families in which smoking has directly led to the deaths of men and women in their forties and fifties, it is frankly incredible that anyone should ever wish to light up a single cigarette. For a smoker who mulls over the facts about his or her habit, continuing to smoke means that cigarettes are worth more than life itself, yet 25 percent of the population continue to smoke them.

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Your heart’s efficacy will improve if you can keep your coronary arteries as wide open as possible. Crucial to that aim is to avoid cigarette smoke—your own and other people’s. Exposure to cigarette smoke narrows all the small arteries in the skin, pushing up the blood pressure, and causing the coronary arteries to shut down. If they are already narrowed as a result of atheroma, then narrowing them further at the same time as increasing the work of the heart is both insane and suicidal.

Stopping smoking completely is essential; it is no use “cutting down” or “trying to stop.” The only answer, if you are a smoker, is to say to yourself that you are, from this moment on, a nonsmoker. If you can’t do that, then it doesn’t matter how good you are at taking the rest of the advice—you are lost.

Keeping away from other people’s smoke is vital, too. Despite the claims of the tobacco companies to the contrary, there is plenty of evidence that other people’s smoking gets nicotine into the bloodstream of nonsmokers. Nicotine breaks down in the body to a poisonous substance called cotinine. The measuring of cotinine in the blood helps researchers judge the level of exposure, since people inhale cigarette smoke differently, making the number of cigarettes smoked per day an inaccurate measure. Nonsmokers who work in smoky atmospheres have measurable levels of cotinine in their blood. The more their colleagues or customers smoke, the higher their own blood cotinine levels are. The same applies to your home. The babies of parents who smoke have cotinine in their blood; and the higher the level, the more likely they are to be admitted to hospital with lung disease. For every twenty cigarettes smoked around them, non-smokers passively smoke the equivalent of one cigarette.

So if you have angina, avoid cigarette smoke at all costs. In today’s social climate, you shouldn’t feel embarrassed to ask smokers nearby to stop smoking or to go elsewhere to do so. In your home, a small, discreet nonsmoking sign on the window can deter visitors from lighting up, but if they know you have angina, then a quiet word of explanation why they should not smoke in the house should be perfectly acceptable.

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The British had been aware of their problem for more than a century. In 1871, a Dr. Haviland alluded to big differences in the numbers of deaths from heart disease in different regions of England and Wales. To the north of a line from the Severn River to the Wash bay, he wrote, people were especially prone to heart disease. South of the line, they seemed to be protected against it.

That line divided the prosperous south from the poorer north in Victorian Britain, but the differences were still there in 1978, the year of the start of the British Regional Heart Study. The Scottish towns had twice the heart attack rates of towns on the English south coast and there was a gradient from low to high in the towns in between, so that each town had a higher heart attack rate than its neighbor to the south, and a lower rate than its neighbor to the north.

The British Regional Heart Study divided the subjects into risk groups—according to age, smoking habit, Body Mass Index (BMI) (a measure of obesity), blood pressure, and blood cholesterol levels. It also divided them on whether they had signs of heart disease before entering the study. The results have painted an accurate picture of who is at highest risk of angina and heart attacks, and why.

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Three women make up my last three examples of angina. The first, Jane, is sixty years old. She has been well all her life, and sailed through menopause with no difficulty. In fact, she prided herself on having done so without the need for hormone replacement therapy. However, now that her children were grown up and moved away, and she and her now-retired husband had bought a smaller house near the sea, her life had become much less active. She took the occasional walk, but the garden took only a few minutes a day, and she was becoming a couch potato. A nonsmoker and nondrinker, she ate well, and was steadily putting on weight.

Jane’s extra weight was the main reason for her visit to the doctor. She was becoming breathless and a little tight-chested when walking up the steps to her front door, or walking over the dunes to and from the beach. She was less able than before to keep up with her husband, and this irked her. So Jane asked her doctor for a diet plan so that she could lose weight.

The tight-chested feeling worried her doctor, who ordered an EKG and various blood tests. Jane’s blood pressure was normal, but her blood cholesterol level was over 350mg/dl—well above the average—and her EKG showed changes suspicious of ischemia, the medical term for a lack of blood supply. A treadmill test confirmed that the tightness in the chest was linked to further EKG changes that showed that one of the coronary arteries was not delivering enough oxygen to the left side of the heart.

Jane was surprised to find that this tightness was, in fact, angina. The subsequent angiogram showed that she had one narrowed area in the main left coronary artery, and that the area beyond it was now being served by new collateral arteries that had grown in from another coronary artery. In fact, her heart was trying to deal with the problem in its own way—by producing a natural bypass.

The surgeon and cardiologist agreed that with medical treatment to keep the coronaries as open as possible, and a program of judicious exercise and weight reduction, Jane might well get away without having surgery.

She is now eating and exercising better, has lost over 28 pounds, no longer .experiences her attacks of tightness, and is feeling much better. Her cholesterol level is down to 270mg/ dl—still relatively high, but not dangerous for a woman of her age. Jane has to visit her doctor every month or so, but there is every chance she will be able to avoid surgery.

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Some treatments using drugs have also proven to be useful in treating mild to moderate enlargements of the prostate. Recently, the FDA approved Proscar for such treatment. The drug works by blocking an enzyme which is a contributing factor in the enlargement of the prostate gland. Studies have shown that Proscar can be effective in improving the flow of urine and in reducing the size of the enlarged prostate for some men. But the drug takes time to work— at least three to six months before symptoms begin to improve. Experts tend to agree that, while Proscar may be a viable treatment for some men with mild to moderate BPH which doesn’t require surgery, it can also have some disadvantages, and you should consult with a competent urologist before you decide if the treatment is right for you

In some cases, urologists are recommending the use of Proscar along with the hypertension drug Hytrin. The drug, while lowering blood pressure, also relaxes the muscle tissue in and around the prostate, allowing urine to continue flowing. The FDA has only approved Hytrin as a means of treating high blood pressure, but some studies suggest it can also be effective in treating mild to moderate symptoms of BPH. One possible drawback to Hytrin is that is does not shrink the prostate and therefore would have to be taken on a daily basis or the symptoms will most likely return.

If there’s any good news in all of this, it’s that treatment alternatives for BPH are continuing to evolve. Whereas surgery once seemed to be the most effective long-term solution, researchers are developing alternatives which may give men a choice of treatments. For now, the best answer is to consult with your doctor or urologist for his or her advice.

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1) Dampness, heat and light can speed the deterioration of most drugs Therefore, rooms such as the bathroom are not the places to keep your medication The best place is outside the bathroom in a small closet or cabinet which can be locked or is not within the reach of children. If the label on the medication advises that it be refrigerated, make sure that’s where it is kept.

2) Make sure that your medicines haven’t expired, by checking the expiration dates on the medicine bottles frequently.

3) To remind yourself to take medication that must be taken at certain times set your clock or alarm watch for the correct interval of time between dosages, and then listen for the alarm to go off. Or, you can purchase one of the new electronic beepers discussed elsewhere in this chapter.

4) To avoid having drips or spills ooze over the labels of bottled medicines making the directions hard to read, keep the label side facing up when pouring.

5) You should not tell children that medicine tastes good or that it is or tastes like “candy”. That may lead your children into thinking that all medicines are good tasting or candy and they’ll try to find them while you aren’t looking. Accidental poisoning is always a possibility with medication. Don’t try to hoodwink your children about the medicine’s taste. You can also give them a little juice and/or a cracker before and after they take the medicine.

6) A good way to give liquid medication to an infant is to put the prescribed amount in a nipple and give it to the baby just before feeding time. Most infants will be so hungry they won’t even notice that they’ve swallowed medicine.

7) Another way to give medicine to your baby is with a plastic dropper placed against the baby’s cheek. When you squeeze the dropper slowly, most babies will begin to suck automatically.

8) Another tip for giving liquid medicine to a child is to hold a small paper cup under his or her chin. Any medicine that dribbles into the cup can be mixed with a little water, and your child can then drink the rest.

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If you’re one of those people who fear dentists, scheduling an appointment for even a regular checkup may be a traumatic experience. The thought of facing the drill can cause some people to stay away from dentists altogether. There are, however, several proven methods of finding a good, “pain-free” dentist. Here are five keys to finding such a dentist:

1) Preventive Dentistry— the type of preventive screenings a dentist performs on your initial visit can tell you a lot about that dentist— good and bad. The four kinds of screening you should expect from a good dentist during your first visit include an oral cancer screening, a screening for jaw disorders, a periodontal screening for gum disease, and a tooth by tooth screening to find out if you have any visible cavities or any fillings that are about to fall out. A good dentist will also supplement your first visit with a full set of x-rays. You can find out if a dentist is prevention-minded by asking, before your first visit, if the four basic screenings will be performed. Also find out if the dentist takes proper care to prevent the passing of serious contagious diseases from one patient to another. The dentist and the staff should always wear protective gloves and masks during a patient’s treatment.

2) Listening— besides being dedicated to preventive screenings and practices a good dentist also needs to be a good listener. The dentist should listen to the patient’s concerns and find out exactly what a patient needs. On the first visit, a good dentist will allow a new patient to talk while he/she listens. You should be able to express your exact wants and needs before the dentist ever looks inside your mouth.

3) Sensitivity— you should be able to tell a dentist, on the first visit, not only about your dental history, but about any unpleasant or painful dental experiences you’ve had. A good dentist will be sensitive to any fears you have about pain and be exta-careful to be as gentle as possible. A good dentist is one who is understanding and caring— aware of the patient’s fears. If a patient is in pain during treatment he should be able to alert the dentist with a mutually agreed upon signal for the dentist to stop.

4) Communication— a good dentist will tell the patient exactly what he/she is going to do, including the risks and benefits involved, how long the treatment will last, and how much the procedure will cost. The dentist should also tell you about treatment alternatives. If, upon your first visit to a dentist, you are unable to get such information, or the dentist doesn’t seem interested in helping you make an informed decision about your dental care, find another dentist.

5) Respect— another characteristic of a good dentist is a respectful attitude toward your needs. This respect should be shown by being aware that your time is valuable too. Unless there is an emergency, you shouldn’t be made to wait a long time in a dentist’s waiting room. The dentist should also be available for any follow-up treatment or emergencies that need immediate attention. And, the dentist should have a clean, friendly office with hours that fit your personal schedule.

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Biotin serves to aid the action of enzymes involved in the synthesis of substances in the cells.

A deficiency of biotin may result in poor appetite, hair loss, depression, and eczema.

Biotin is present in many foods, including liver, peanuts, dried beans, egg yolk, mushrooms, bananas, grapefruit, and watermelon. The suggested daily intake of biotin is 30 to 100 mcg.

Folic Acid: The Little-Known Vitamin You Need For Anemia Problems

Sometimes called “vitamin M”, this water-soluble vitamin is involved in growth and reproduction, the production of red blood cells, and in the healthy functioning of the nervous system.

Mild folic acid deficiency is relatively common, but it can usually be corrected by increasing the intake of food containing folic acid. The main effects of folic acid deficiency include fatigue and anemia.

The primary dietary sources of folic acid include green, leafy vegetables, broccoli, spinach, mushrooms, nuts, dried beans, peas, egg yolk, liver, and whole-wheat bread. The recommended daily allowance is 200 mcg.

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A regular program of walking can help decrease levels of artery-clogging blood fats, and at the same time help increase the level of HDL, according to the findings from a recent study. It also appears that regular walking can help take the pressure off varicose veins in the legs and reduce the pain of clogged leg arteries by creating better circulation. All in all, studies show that better circulation, relief from varicose veins, weight-loss, reduced cholesterol levels, lower blood pressure, and relief from stress can all be accomplished, in part, with the help of a regular program of walking.

It should also be noted that anyone who has varicose veins and takes part in vigorous exercise is advised to wear elastic support hose to minimize the congestion of blood in veins and the subsequent accumulation in muscles.

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